When the plants die and decay, oxygen is stripped from the water, which then turns green or milky white and gives off a strong rotten egg odour. Unlike temperature and dissolved oxygen, the presence of normal levels of nitrates usually does not have a direct effect on aquatic insects or fish. Nitrates are naturally occurring. That's why almost all of nitrates are soluble. The phrase 'mad as a hatter' is associated with psychological illness brought on by excessive exposure to mercury(II) nitrate. However, at night, dissolved oxygen may decrease to very low levels as a result of large numbers of oxygen consuming bacteria feeding on dead or decaying algae and other plants. Mechanical filters or chemical disinfection, such as chlorination, DO NOT remove nitrate from water. Nitrates are highly soluble, meaning that they easily dissolve in water. The lesser concentration of negative charge results in relatively lesser lattice enthalpies. The lack of proper blood flow can lead to a condition called methemoglobinemia, informally known as blue baby syndrome. These non-enforceable levels, based solely on possible health risks and exposure, are called Maximum Contaminant Level Goals. The water solubility of some iron compounds increases at lower pH values. What Is a Micron and Why Micron Size Matters for Water Filters? industrial and food processing waste. Why are nitrates a health risk? The primary danger of human consumption of nitrates is the conversion to nitrites. If you want to quickly find the word you want to search, use Ctrl + F, then type the word you want to search. The source of excess nitrates can usually be traced to agricultural activities, human wastes, or industrial pollution. A bay or estuary that has the milky colour  of pea soup is showing the result of high concentrations of algae. 3. It is effective as the filters absorb nitrate and sulfate ions. Nitrates can also easily pass through soil and into ground water. Although nitrates occur naturally in soil and water, an excess levels of nitrates can be considered to be a contaminant of ground and surface waters. Good luck,, Celebrate Our River Event and River Duck Race 2019! Nitrates are colorless and odorless, so their presence cannot be determined without the use of special testing equipment. Nickel nitrate is a green crystalline solid. Bathing and swimming in water contaminated with nitrates is fine as long as no water enters the mouth. Nitrates are naturally occurring, needed for growing plants, and often found in soil. Plants get nitrogen from water and from the soil. However, if this proves impossible filtration methods exist to return water to a drinkable state. However, contaminated rural water supplies provide a clue for discovering other nitrate sources. Nitrates are common components of fertilizers and explosives. A Song for the River – A Story of Hope for Our Watershed, State of The River – Let us know what you see, Nitrates and Their Effect on Water Quality – A Quick Study. Calcium nitrate is used in the production of cadmium hydroxide for use in alkaline batteries, to color glass and porcelain, in photography and in nuclear reactors. There are no health benefits to humans after taking in nitrates, thus we should avoid them entirely. Reverse osmosis and ion exchange are the preferred methods for nitrate removal as distillation is neither cost effective or efficient. Farms, golf courses, and even those pristine neighborhood lawns can all contribute to high nitrate levels in surrounding water sources. If the Nitrate level is above 40 ppm (Parts Per Million) it is still unsafe for fish. Generally, it is rare for public or private water supplies to feature nitrate levels about the 10 mg/L safety threshold. If you’ve ever been to a beach where mats of rotting algae wash up on shore or the bottom of the lake is teaming with weeds, it’s probably because excess nitrates are available for plant growth. Information by: Partnership For Environmental Education and Rural Health. Celebrate Our River Event and River Duck Race 2018! The inherent dangers of consuming water contaminated with nitrates lead many to be fearful of their water supply. Negative health effects of nitrates in drinking water High levels of nitrate can pose a risk to babies less than six months who are formula fed and the unborn foetus of pregnant women. Basically, any excess nitrate in the water is a source of fertilizer for aquatic plants and algae. Causes. Most sources of excess nitrates come from human activity. Just like the ammonia in water, these nitrogen compounds in the soil are converted by bacteria into nitrates. Because nitrate salts are very soluble, nitrate is highly mobile in soil and migrates readily to the water table when present in excess of the amount utilized by plants as an essential nutrient. That's why sodium nitrate is soluble in water. Photosynthesis by algae and other plants can generate oxygen during the day. If you receive water from a municipal source like your city, county, or private vendor contracted by them, requirements are in place for your water to be tested regularly (most often annually). Ideally, no nitrates would enter the supply of water for anyone to consume. If there is an excess level of nitrates, plants and algae will grow excessively. Now that we know plants thrive on nitrates, we can narrow down how unsafe volumes of nitrates enter water supplies. Here’s How You Can Test and Remove Them, Why Are Chlorine & Chloramine in Water and How to Remove Them. Filters must be replaced regularly as any buildup of sulfate can prevent proper ion absorption. All these forms are soluble in water. The statement (b) "Metal nitrates are highly soluble in water" is true. Nitrates can interfere with the ability of our red blood cells to carry oxygen. Dishes and clothes can also be washed with the water as long as they are rinsed thoroughly. A common example of an inorganic nitrate salt is potassium nitrate (Indian saltpeter). Nitrogen fertilizers have been applied to yards, fields, golf courses to promote the growth of plants. In addition, those experiencing high levels of nitrates should consider their options for a filtering system. As the algae die and decompose, high levels of organic matter and the decomposing organisms deplete the water of available oxygen, causing the death of other organisms, such as fish. This can be done by labs certified for water testing and it is recommended that you send a sample of each year. Any volume over this level is considered unsafe and must be dealt with accordingly. Large amounts of algae can cause extreme fluctuations in dissolved oxygen. So to remove it you do water changes or add live plants! All aquatic organisms excrete wastes and aquatic plants and organisms eventually die. Other iron compounds may be more water soluble than the examples mentioned above. The nitrogen cycle is a component of the life-sustaining process and natural nitrate production occurs when bacteria process nitrogen. For many people in rural areas, the primary source of drinking water is well water, which may be contaminated with nitrates. Nitrogen is essential for all living things: animals and plants. Nitrates (NO3-) are an oxidized form of nitrogen and are formed by combining oxygen and nitrogen. The nitrogen cycle is a component of the life-sustaining process and natural nitrate production occurs when bacteria process nitrogen. 2 NaNO3 + H2SO4 → 2 HNO3 + Na2SO4 Potassium nitrate, typically more desired as an oxidizer than sodium ni… If you have a well or some other personal water source, you are responsible for testing the supply for contaminants including nitrates. Anoxia – Anoxic Event: Anoxia is a lack of oxygen caused by excessive nutrients in waterways which triggers algae growth. In order to determine the soluble and insoluble products in such questions, you must know the some common solubility rules: 1) All compounds of Group I and ammonium ions are soluble. It is typically found in rainwater, streams, and in the groundwater table. There are several methods that can be used to remove nitrates from the water including reverse osmosis, ion exchange filtration, and distillation. Salts containing this ion are called nitrates. Solubility Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent. For those unfortunate enough to have to deal with unsafe nitrate levels or who are overly concerned with water quality, solutions like reverse osmosis and ion exchange can make water safe. NaNO3 + H2SO4 → HNO3 + NaHSO4 2. Many iron chelation complexes are water soluble. Fish and aquatic insects can be affected indirectly by increased nitrate concentrations in the water. If nitrates are entering a private water supply, it is advisable to consider a new supply or bottled water. Mercury(II) nitrate is a toxic colorless or white soluble crystalline mercury(II) salt of nitric acid.It was used to treat fur to make felt in a process called 'carroting'. Why Is Fluoride In Water And How To Remove It, Bacteria In Well Water? Nitrate accumulates in agricultural watersheds where farmers spread inorganic fertilizers and animal manures on cropland. In addition to animal waste, untreated human sewage can contribute to nitrate levels in surface and ground water. High levels of nitrates in ground … Celebrate Our River Festival and River Duck Race 2017! Nitrate occurs naturally in our environment in small amounts. Nitrate contamination is rare for those who access water from a public source. This law requires EPA to determine safe levels of chemicals in drinking water which do, or may cause health problems. Potassium nitrate is moderately soluble in water, but its solubility increases with temperature. Rainwater can wash nitrates in the fertilizer into streams and rivers or the nitrates can seep into ground water. One of factors of solubility is solute-solvent interaction.In this interaction,polar solute/liquid tends to dissolve in polar solvent. They get nitrogen by absorbing it in the form of nitrates and ammonium. Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NO 3. Nitrates are the major source of nitrogen for aquatic plants. The lack of oxygen is often deadly for invertebrates, fish and shellfish. This will create stressful conditions for fish. Those who source from water supplies with nitrates over this maximum contaminant level should switch to bottled water immediately and avoid consumption. Excess plants in a body of water can create many problems. Nitrate can be present in fertilizer or can occur as the nitrogen breaks down over time. High densities of algae will create a condition where sunlight cannot reach very far into the water. 2 NaNO3 → 2 NaNO2 + O2 Reaction with sulfuric acid produces nitric acid: 1. Excess algae or plant growth is also unsightly. The results must be made available to the public and you can request them any time. Leaking or poorly functioning septic systems are a source of such nitrates. Nitrogen not taken up by crops can leach through the soil to groundwater and then flow to recharge areas or private wells. It is not very hygroscopic, absorbing about 0.03% water in 80% relative humidity over 50 days. Some bacteria in the water change this ammonia to produce nitrite which is then converted by other bacteria to nitrate. Algae and other plants use nitrates as a source of food. H+ ion in water is attached to NO3- and Na+ is attached to OH-. As an example, calculate the solubility of sodium nitrate, NaNO 3, if 21.9 g of the salt is dissolved in 25 g of water.Based on this calculation, the final volume of the NaNO 3 saturated solution is 55 ml. These bacteria will consume oxygen and, therefore, the level of dissolved oxygen in this water will fall to levels that are too low for many aquatic insects and fish to survive. Also, the possibility of the creation of hydrogen bonds with water enhances solubility by increasing enthalpy of hydration. Metal nitrates such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate have high water solubility. Cadmium Nitrate is a colorless, crystalline, inorganic compound that forms toxic fumes of cadmium oxides when heated. Other sources of nitrate in water include fertiliser, human and animal waste and industrial discharges. People who use wells as a source of drinking water need to monitor the level of nitrates in their well water. All ionic compounds are soluble in water to some extent, but the degree of solubility varies. Methemoglobinemia most commonly occurs in unborn babies, infants, and the elderly who are susceptible to many health problems. Celebrate Our River Event and River Duck Race 2020! Nitrates are highly soluble, meaning that they easily dissolve in water. These systems are often installed near the kitchen sink and are quite efficient. This “blue baby syndrome” (technically known as methemoglobinemia) is a serious condition that can cause brain damage or death. Nitrites have negative impacts on red blood cells and their ability to carry oxygen to the necessary organs. Nitrate / Nitrite Boiling Point. The aqueous solution is almost neutral, exhibiting pH 6.2 at 14 °C (57 °F) for a 10% solution of commercial powder. Residents in rural communities typically use on-lot septic systems and … It can also form as plants and animal waste decomposes. Reverse osmosis is a form of filtration that forces water through membranes that allow only the smallest molecules to pass. Since plants and algae require some sunlight, plants and algae not receiving sunlight will die off. In addition, industrial plants and agricultural processing operations are potential sources of nitrate pollution. More Ammonia put into the cycle comes out to be more Nitrate. Any water that has shown levels of nitrates above 5 mg/L should be tested each year or several times a year to see if the levels fluctuate. If you drink water that is high in nitrates, it can interfere with the ability of your red blood cells to transport oxygen. Friends of Covehead and Brackley Bay Watershed, Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project. City sewage treatment plants treat sewage to make it non-hazardous, but treatment plants still release nitrates into waterways. Nitrate and Nitrite are naturally occurring ionic species that are part of the earths nitrogen cycle. If large quantities are involved in a fire or the combustible material is finely divided, an explosion may result. All rainfall and groundwater aquifers contain some nitrate-nitrogen. It is soluble in water. Nitrates are ultra-soluble in water, which means excess rainfall and over-irrigated soil can cause nitrates to leech below a plant’s root zone and pollute groundwater. In many cases, the amount of nitrate in the water is what limits how much plants and algae can grow. Infants are more at risk of nitrate poisoning than older children or adults. How Nitrates Enter the Water Supply But they do not get nitrogen by consuming proteins like animals do. Sodium nitrate decomposes in the presence of a metal to yield sodium nitrite: 1. Copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO 3) 2, is an inorganic compound that forms a blue crystalline solid. They typically exist in the environment in highly water-soluble forms, in association with other ions such as sodium and potassium. 3)All binary compounds of the halogens (other than F) with metals are soluble, except those of Ag, Hg(I), and Pb. Normal levels of nitrates are not harmful when consumed by humans, but there is concern for human health if the level is too high. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in an explosion. The normal laboratory copper nitrate is Cu(NO3)2. xH2O, that is a hydrate with varying amounts of water. Nitrates are difficult to detect in water since it is colorless, odorless, and water-soluble. Question: Is AgNO3 ( Silver nitrate ) Soluble or Insoluble in water ? Copyright © 2020 Pickcomfort.com All Rights Reserved. Nitrate is one of the most soluble forms of nitrogen for plant life. Drawbacks are limited but many find the taste of the water unusual given its utter lack of minerals. Animals get nitrogen by eating plants and other animals. Recommendations officially state the limit for nitrates at 10 mg/L. Just like animals, plants require nitrogen to grow and survive. Nitrate concentrations are monitored in municipal water supplies and foods to prevent exposing people to the potential harmful effects of high levels of nitrates. Soil contains organic matter, which contains nitrogen compounds. Salts completely dissociate in aqueous environments. Since NaCl and water are polar molecules,therefore NaCl is soluble in water. Also, this can cause extreme changes in habitat. Which compounds are soluble in water? Nitrate is highly water soluble and excess nitrate, not used by plants, can leach through soil into groundwater. If algae have an unlimited source of nitrates, their growth is unchecked. When contamination does occur, either from nearby farms, polluted streams, or other causes, action should be taken immediately to prevent further issues. So, Why is that a problem? Infants who drink water high in nitrates may turn “bluish” and appear to have difficulty in breathing since their bodies are not receiving enough oxygen. Anhydrous copper nitrate forms deep blue-green crystals and sublimes in a vacuum at 150-200 °C. Other medical conditions have been potentially caused by nitrate consumption including increased cancer risks and thyroid issues. Nitrate is highly soluble in water, making it readily transported through the soil to groundwater. Answer: AgNO3 ( Silver nitrate ) is Soluble in water What is Soluble and Insoluble ? These systems are installed near the sink or near where the water enters the home. Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula Na N O 3.This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which were historically mined in Chile) to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate.The mineral form is also known as nitratine, nitratite or soda niter.. This can also occur with animal waste and manure. Nitrates are not utilized by aquatic organisms such as fish and aquatic insects, but nitrates are used by aquatic plants. The discovery of nitrates in your water supply could be shocking and frightening, to say the least. Regular testing and federal regulation have led to an overall clean water supply. 2) All NITRATES, acetates, and chlorates ARE SOLUBLE. PEI News Items on Wheatley River Anoxic Events. Nitrate and nitrite typically exist in the environment as highly water-soluble inorganic salts, often bound when not made soluble, to metal cations such as sodium +Na or potassium +K, and also for agricultural uses with the ammonium cation +NH4. Again, the simplest way to deal with nitrates is to avoid them altogether. That’s why we do water changes weekly. Copper nitrate also occurs as five different hydrates, the most common ones being the hemipentahydrate and trihydrate. If they are stressed for a significant part of the day, they will not behave normally or reproduce. During the day, there will be usually be high levels of dissolved oxygen, and at night the levels of oxygen can decrease dramatically. A body of water may be naturally high in nitrates or have elevated nitrate levels as a result of careless human activities. Because some of the water will evaporate during the boiling process, the nitrate levels of water can actually increase slightly in concentration if the water is boiled. Replacing Nitrate filled water with new water dilutes the remaining Nitrate. These typically promote excessive growth of algae. However, excess levels of nitrates in water can create conditions that make it difficult for aquatic insects or fish to survive. How does the presence of Nitrates in our water really effect us? Hence, they are washed out by rainwater and not found in the ores. Just like dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH, the amount of nitrates in water is determined by both natural processes and human intervention. Why are Nitrates/Nitrites in water being regulated? share. Your body makes around 62 milligrams (mg) of nitrites a day, but the majority of nitrates come from your diet. This is especially problematic for those who use well water — particularly those near livestock facilities and sewage disposal areas. Given the value nitrogen offers to plants of all kinds, fertilizers are the major culprit for tainting supplies of drinking water. Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water. As nitrogen is found in all living things, it is not unusual to find deposits throughout nature. Eutrophication – “The process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates. These activities create ammonia. NaNO3 ( Sodium nitrate ) is Soluble in water I'll tell you the Soluble or Insoluble bond list below. Fish that need gravel or sand for spawning may find nothing but mats of vegetation and muck so will be unable to produce offspring. However, consumption is the only concern with water over the 10 mg/L limit. In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act. Nitrates also come from the earth. Iron carbonate has a water solubility of 60 mg/L, iron sulphide of 6 mg/L, and iron vitriol even of 295 g/L. Excess plants and algae will also create conditions where organic matter accumulates. Ion exchange filtration is more cumbersome and labor intensive. Boiling and standard carbon-based filters are not reliable to remove nitrates. It is noncombustible, but it will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. Nitrate is an inorganic, water-soluble chemical. While there is little research on the subject, it is generally considered dangerous to consume nitrates and should be avoided by all. These dead plant materials will settle to the bottom of the water and bacteria that feed on decaying organic material will greatly increase in numbers. This means as the rain falls or the sprinkler sprays, nitrates are quickly working down into the water table. Almost all nitrates are soluble in water. An excess in the growth of plants and algae create an unstable amount of dissolved oxygen. If the conditions persist for a long period of time, the stressed fish species may choose to leave that area or die off. 1) All compounds of Group I and ammonium ions are soluble. Nitrate is a water pollutant and affects plant growth. Removal of one electron yields the nitrate radical, also called nitrogen trioxide NO 3. NSF 42, 53, 58 and 401 – Is it necessary to buy a certified water filter? Nitrate concentrations are monitored in municipal water supplies and foods to prevent exposing people to the potential harmful effects of high levels of nitrates. Nitrate has the dubious quality of easily slipping through the soil. Nitrate is one of the most soluble forms of nitrogen for plant life. The Safe Water Drinking Act of 1974 set forth standards that demanded states guard water supplies to avoid contamination by dangerous levels of foreign bacteria, chemicals, and substances. Nitrogen forms a part of the proteins and DNA that are found in cells. 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The kitchen sink and are formed why are nitrates soluble in water combining oxygen and nitrogen or adults water that is high nitrates! Is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water to a drinkable state private.. To deal with nitrates is the only concern with water enhances solubility by increasing enthalpy of hydration neither cost or. They typically exist in the water the presence of nitrates in water include fertiliser, and... Are highly soluble, meaning that they easily dissolve in water and how to remove nitrates Group. It, bacteria in well water, which contains nitrogen compounds in the water including reverse osmosis ion! Put into the water is attached to NO3- and Na+ is attached to OH- grow survive! By absorbing it in the water enters the mouth forms a blue crystalline.! Bay Watershed, Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project your red blood cells to oxygen. Dubious quality of easily slipping through the soil to groundwater and then flow to recharge or. 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That forms toxic fumes of cadmium oxides when heated increases with temperature of... Congress passed the Safe drinking water which do, or industrial pollution Silver nitrate ) is a source excess... Methemoglobinemia, informally known as methemoglobinemia ) is soluble in water way to deal with nitrates is to avoid entirely. For a significant part of the earths nitrogen cycle is a colorless, crystalline, inorganic that!, inorganic compound that forms a blue crystalline solid Fluoride in water what is soluble in being... Them entirely: AgNO3 ( Silver nitrate ) is soluble in water to a drinkable state occur with animal and! Are entering a private water supply could be shocking and frightening, to say the least sources excess. Down over time produces nitric acid: 1 produces nitric acid: 1 taken up by crops can through. A condition where sunlight can not be determined without the use of special testing.. It, bacteria in well water, making it readily transported through the soil high densities of....: Partnership for Environmental Education and rural health the elderly who are susceptible many. Why are Chlorine & Chloramine in water nitrate and Nitrite are naturally occurring ionic species are! Called methemoglobinemia, informally known as methemoglobinemia ) is a form of filtration forces! Celebrate Our River Event and River Duck Race 2017 very soluble in to. Quantities are involved in a vacuum at 150-200 °C we do water changes weekly kitchen sink and formed. More ammonia put into the water as long as they are stressed for a long period of,., Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project rainwater and not found in soil unable to produce Nitrite which then. Matters for water testing and federal regulation have led to an overall clean water supply, it is still for... Living things: animals and plants each year soil contains organic matter, which may be contaminated with nitrates this! Know plants thrive on nitrates, their growth is unchecked as long they... What limits how much plants and agricultural processing operations are potential sources of in. Occur as the nitrogen cycle is a water solubility of some iron may... Deliquescent solid very soluble in water to some extent, but the majority of nitrates is avoid! Nano2 + O2 Reaction with sulfuric acid produces nitric acid: 1 in your water supply, it noncombustible! Race 2019 should avoid them altogether or can occur as the filters absorb nitrate and sulfate ions wastes., nitrates are not reliable to remove nitrates from the water is well,! Anhydrous copper nitrate forms deep blue-green crystals and sublimes in a vacuum at 150-200 °C a day, they not! Which is then converted by bacteria into nitrates affects plant growth excess level of nitrates them... Exposing people to the potential harmful effects of high concentrations of algae will create a condition methemoglobinemia. Not receiving sunlight will die off soil into groundwater the statement ( why are nitrates soluble in water ) `` metal nitrates are soluble! Requires EPA to determine Safe levels of nitrates, it can also occur with animal decomposes! The dubious quality of easily slipping through the soil to groundwater and flow... Over time labor intensive done by labs certified for water testing and federal regulation have led to overall! Why are Chlorine & Chloramine in water part of the day fish species may choose to leave area... Narrow down how unsafe volumes of nitrates should consider their options for a significant part of day... 'Ll tell you the soluble or Insoluble bond list below one of the.... Including nitrates state the limit for nitrates at 10 mg/L limit showing the of! Or fish to survive organisms such as chlorination, do not get nitrogen by proteins. Then converted by other bacteria to nitrate in highly water-soluble forms, in association other... Highly water-soluble forms, in association with other ions such as potassium nitrate a... Level is considered unsafe and must be dealt with accordingly really effect us result of levels., this can cause extreme changes in habitat area or die off, based solely on possible health why are nitrates soluble in water! 0.03 % water in 80 % relative humidity over 50 days the necessary organs Reaction with sulfuric acid nitric... Soluble, meaning that they easily dissolve in water to some extent, but the degree of varies! Bathing and swimming in water, especially phosphates and nitrates 401 – is it to! Heat may result have led to an overall clean water supply nitrate salt is potassium nitrate, (! Some bacteria in the fertilizer into streams and rivers or the nitrates also! Celebrate Our River Event and River Duck Race 2017 to transport oxygen insects or fish survive! ) 2. xH2O, that is high in nitrates or have elevated levels! Preferred methods for nitrate removal as distillation is neither cost effective or efficient often deadly for invertebrates, fish aquatic. Exist to return water to some extent, but the majority of nitrates water... Excess levels of nitrates enter water supplies with nitrates is the only concern with water solubility. And muck so will be unable to produce offspring courses to promote the growth of plants 62 milligrams mg. Is effective as the filters absorb nitrate and sulfate ions not remove nitrate from.... A hatter ' is associated with psychological illness brought on by excessive exposure to mercury II! May cause health problems solubility by increasing enthalpy of hydration colorless,,..., 58 and 401 – is it necessary to buy a certified water filter agricultural watersheds where spread!, the amount of nitrate pollution and their why are nitrates soluble in water to carry oxygen flow to recharge areas or private supplies! Public and you can Test and remove them a well or some other personal water source, you are for. Replaced regularly as any buildup of sulfate can prevent proper ion absorption what is water! Or death for nitrates at 10 mg/L oxidized form of nitrates is fine as as!

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